Four-column versus two-column structures

for elevated railroads, 254

Fowler, Charles Evan, 139, 234

Frame trestles for military bridges, 465

Fraser River Arch Bridge at Lytton,

B. C., 249

Fraser River Bridge at New Westminster,

B. C., 131

Fratt Bridge at Kansas City, 132, 169

Free ends versus anchored ends

for stiffening trusses, 268

Freezing water, disruptive force of, 455

Freight rates, 23

Friction,

caisson, 156

long piles, 156

Fuller, William B., 389

Full-punched work, 211

Full time work, necessity for, 2

Function of operating machinery, 315

Future, anticipating the, 16

Future enlargement, 121

G

Galveston Causeway, 140

Gardiner, J. B. W., 449

Gardiner and Lewis, Inc., 449

Gas, effects of, on steel, 416

Gases, locomotive, protection against, 444

Gasoline engine, multi-cylinder, 313

Gauntleted tracks, 128

Gearing,

elimination of noise of, 313

spur, 312, 313

worm, 313

General economic principles, 6

General features of structure, 120

Geographical conditions, 119

Girders,

depths in viaducts, 203

economics of, 175-181

erection of, 397

reinforced-concrete, 221, 223-225

spacing of, 191

Glasgow, Missouri River, Bridge, 168

Goheen's Carbonizing Coating, 432

Gorge crossings are specially

suitable for arches, 246

Government requirements, 116, 117

Grade and alignment, 118, 119

Grant, General, crossing of the

James River by, 471

Gratis expert opinion, 7

Gravel and sand used without

screening, 390

Great Miami River Bridge, 84

Griest, Maurice E., 256

Growth of steel, 215

Gunite, 443

H

Hadfield, Sir Robert, 36

Half pin holes, 216

Half-through, plate-girder spans, 185

economics of, 69

Halsted-Street Lift-Bridge, 294

Hamilton Arch Bridge over the

Waikato River, 246

Handling of work in shops, 368, 369

Handrails, 190, 219

military bridges, 474

Hand riveting, 207

Harbor of refuge, 318

Hardesty, Shortridge, 297

Harper's Ferry crossing of the

Potomac, 471

Harrop, Dr. H. B., 440

Havana Harbor

bridge, proposed, 332

transbordeur, proposed, 332-334

Havre de Grace, Md., paint

experiments, 433

Hayde, Stephen, 198

Haydite, 198

Heat for shops, 367, 368

Heat-treated steel, 37

intensities of working stresses for, 37

Heel-counterbalanced-trunnion type

of bascule, 290

Heel-trunnion bascule, 297

Height from springing to bottom

of base, 226

Height of climb over a bridge, 54

Helpers, low-grade, 380

Heritage, Carl S., 407, 418

High bridge versus low bridge, 12

High-carbon steel,

objections to, 33

reinforcing bars, 133

High-level bridge versus

transbordeur, 330

High level versus low level

crossings, 61, 62, 63

High steel, 34

reinforcing, objections to, 218

High unit stresses, 133

High water, clearances above, 122

Highway,

girder-bridges, 223-225

live loads for, 126

trestles, economic span-lengths

of, 252

Highway bridges,

decks of, 187

timber versus concrete for, 187

economics of cantilever and

suspension, 106

economics of continuous spans

for, 78

floors, ties in, 192

floor-systems of, 190-200

Hildreth & Company, 361

"Hillside" blocks, 426

Hingeless arches, 237

three-hinged arches comparison, 229

Hinge plates, 216

Holding power for bascules, 316

Holland, Clifford M., 56