economic problem stated. — Design of shop for special class of work or for general work. — Keeping shop force occupied. — Transportation of materials in shop. — Principal economic factors in shop work. — Scrapping tools and apparatus for betterment. — Light. — Interior painting of shop. — Heat. — Ventilation. — Space. — Handling of work. — Management of men. — Safety considerations and their importance. — Prevention of accidents and how to accomplish it. — Smoking on premises. — Anticipating troubles. — Standardization. — Stock materials and storing thereof. — Supply of labor. — Tool equipment. — Shop floors. — Straightening metal. — Marking metal. — Trimming and cutting. — Punching. — Drilling. — Storage of punched metal. — Assembling. — Reaming. — Riveting. — Milling and planing. — Boring. — Special space. — Machine shop. — Foundry. — Blacksmith shop. — Match marking. — Painting. — Tracks. — Templet shop. — Recapitulation. .............. 365

Instructions to Resident Engineer. — Starting work ahead of contractor. — Employ-

ing smallest force consistent with efficiency. — Keeping force busy. — Laying out on paper an economic system for carrying on fieldwork. — Prevention of dropping behind on work. — Supplying home office with information. — Testing cement. — Checking receipt of materials. — Unloading materials quickly. — Aiding contractor. — Prompt monthly estimates. — Extras. — Progress reports. — Resident Engineer is a confidential agent and not a principal. — Insuring field property. — Copying survey notes. — Diary. — Resident Engineer must act in a semi-judicial capacity. — Care of instruments. — Non-abuse of power. — Storing materials. — No damage to reinforcing bars. — Care of paving blocks. — Protecting cement against weather. — Care of explosives. — Falsework and forms. — Sinking cribs and caissons. — Building up cribs and caissons. — Depositing concrete under water. ................. 380

Data furnished by Mr. H. K. Seltzer. — Contractor's guiding principle in perform-

ance of work. — List of main subjects requiring Contractor's attention at outset. — Field organization. — Plant. — Yards, wharves, and tracks. — Plans of buildings and plant. — Materials and supplies. — General notes. ................... 383

Two main points of view for consideration of problem. — Contractor's viewpoint. —

Duty of the Engineer. — How to produce strongest concrete. — Legitimate major ways for a contractor to economize in concrete-mixing. — Minor ways for economizing. — List of economic problems. — Best proportions of materials. — Reduction of voids in the aggregate. — Using a mixture of gravel and sand without screening. — Water-proofing. — Increasing fluidity of mixture. —