A. Properly guarding the running parts of all machinery.

B. Frequent inspection of all machines of which the failure could injure anybody.

C. Modification of machinery that is essentially dangerous in any particular.

D. Posting of efficient warnings around the buildings, calling attention to possible dangers.

E. Keeping the floors clean so that they will not become slippery.

F. Prevention of excessive or injurious dust in the atmosphere of the shop.

G. Occasional lectures to the workmen instructing them as to what they should do to avoid accidents.

H. Distribution of pamphlets treating of important matters of safety, sanitation, hygiene, and like subjects.

I. Having available at all times a surgeon to care for anyone who, in spite of all precautions, may be injured.

Smoking*

Smoking in the shop, for several good reasons, is an uneconomic practice and should never be permitted. In the first place, it causes danger from fire; in the second, it occupies a quite-considerable portion of employees' time that should be devoted to work; and in the third, no man's mind can act as keenly when his system is under the soporific influence of nicotine as it can when free from the effects of that narcotic. Very few first-class shops nowadays permit smoking on the premises. The restrictions against smoking apply with even more force in the drafting-room than they do in the shop; for, in addition to the objections just noted, it might pertinently be stated that the dropping of hot ashes from cigarettes onto tracing cloth is not specially conducive to economy. If a man must smoke, let him do it out of working hours and not upon the company's premises, unless there be provided a smoking room for use during the luncheon hour and after one's day's work is done.

Anticipating Troubles

All officials of the company should make it their business to try in every possible manner to anticipate and forestall accidents or occurrences of any kind tending to interfere with shop operations or to reduce efficiency, quality of workmanship, or output. Conferences of officials should be held from time to time for the purpose of discussing this and other matters relating to the general welfare of the works and the workmen.

* Mr. Earle deems the author to he a bit drastic in his views on the uneconomics of smoking.